Objective

Responding to generally meet the need for a short way of measuring resilience, a gloss form of the fresh RS-14, which may be psychometrically verified and you can across varied communities, it actually was important to view the latest measure’s central inclinations, interior feel and you can basis construction across the around three chosen subgroups also the new sex and age teens, young people, and those with special needs. “We hypothesized one for everyone around three products, a one-basis design could well be offered which scores might be extremely reputable as analyzed from the old-fashioned interpretive criteria” (Aiena ainsi que al., 2015).

Members and Procedure

Analyses had been predicated on about three chief products, that made up of adolescents into the chronilogical age of 13–17, the second inside young people in years 19–twenty seven, while the third incorporated individuals when you look at the period of 13-18 that have transformative psychosocial problems who have been for the custody away from instructional, therapeutic otherwise correctional establishments. The total decide to try integrated dos,715 teenagers of around three some other teams in this Poland, old from thirteen in order to twenty seven (Yards = , SD = step three.90), mainly girls (%).

Sample 1-adolescents (N = 400). The sample was with age ranging from 13 to 17 years old (M = , SD = 0.86) predominately female (58.3%). Sample 2-early adulthood (N = 1659). Data were also gathered at a medium-sized university located in northeast Poland. Overall, we had results from students aged 19–27 years old (M = , SD = 1.82) predominately female (82.3%). Sample 3-problem group (N = 656). The sample consisted of three groups: socially maladjusted juveniles from probation centers was (N = 116) with age ranging from 13 to 17 years old (M = , SD = 1.48) predominately male (75.0%), adolescents with psycho-social impairments attending (staying) in Youth Sociotherapy Centers (N = blackplanet 293, aged 13–18 years old, M = , SD = 1.22) and adolescents externalizing educational difficulties (Youth Educational Centers, N = 247, with age ranging from 13 to 18 years old (M = , SD = 0.98). The selection of the third study sample was purposive due to the specifics of the facilities to which the studied individuals were admitted. The main criterion for including respondents to sample 3 was the occurrence of emotional and behavioral disorders. A comparative analysis using ANOVA did not confirm differences between problem groups (youth from probation centers, educational centers and sociotherapy centers) in terms of the RS-14 index [F_{(2, 653)} = 2.63; p > 0.05].

Sociotherapeutic and you can informative locations was facilities outside of the place of house, which means round the clock. From inside the Poland you’ll find currently over step 3,100 youngsters aged thirteen–18 who are remaining in eg Youthfulness Sociotherapy Stores as well as cuatro,100000 that remaining in Teens Instructional Facilities. Youth Sociotherapy Centers can handle teens who, on account of developmental disorders, studying troubles, and issues during the public operating, is at chance of personal maladjustment and want a different providers off training, ways of functions, knowledge and you will sociotherapy. Currently, you’ll find 74 during the Poland. Young people Instructional Centers are designed for socially maladjusted youngsters who are in need of making use of a different company from studying, types of functions and you will knowledge. Already, discover 96 from inside the Poland. A beneficial Probation Heart is actually a day-care facility that provides protection, worry, knowledge, rehab, and you may therapeutic products. Those activities done at the center is aimed at switching juvenile thinking to your this new socially prominent, making sure the suitable growth of its identification. Probation centers work within the region process of law. Currently, you will find 97 inside the Poland. Currently, ~step 1,one hundred thousand juveniles was basically known for example organization.

Data-Analytic Strategy

Psychometric attributes of the RS-fourteen have been examined using univariate and you will bivariate analyses presented towards the analytical application IBM SPSS Statistics and you can IBM AMOS. The new Cronbach Leader coefficient was applied so you can characterize coherence (aspect out-of accuracy). In the example of big date stability testing, Pearson’s roentgen correlation analysis while the t shot to have founded examples were utilized. Dominating component investigation was applied to verify the brand new unmarried factor design regarding RS-fourteen advertised from the Wagnild and you can Younger (1993). Exploratory and confirmatory basis-analytic measures was in fact used to gauge the grounds construction of level. This new grounds reliability is actually reviewed having fun with EFA (main component means, oblimin rotation) and you will CFA (IBM AMOS, ML method). The fresh activities from the EFA have been checked to have a sufficient complement utilising the following the match indexes: chi-square and you may amounts of freedom, RMSEA together with 90% rely on period (CI); (Steiger, 1990) SRMR, the new Tucker–Lewis Directory (TLI); (Tucker and Lewis, 1973), CFI; and you may GFI (Hu and you may Bentler, 1999).